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What does it mean when a destination is marked as unreachable in a network?

There is no active link to the destination

The packet must be dropped and an ICMP message sent

When a destination is marked as unreachable in a network context, it signifies that the network has determined that it cannot deliver packets to that destination. Specifically, when a packet cannot be delivered due to unreachable conditions, the network device responsible for routing the packet will drop the packet and generate an Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) message. This ICMP message is returned to the sender to inform them about the unreachable status.

This process helps network administrators diagnose issues by providing feedback on why the destination isn't reachable, which can be crucial for troubleshooting. Additionally, the sending device can use this information to adjust its network behaviors or attempt alternative routes.

The other choices deal with different scenarios: while there are cases when there might not be active links to the destination, this does not encompass all unreachable conditions nor does it imply an ICMP response. Being reachable but not under optimal conditions suggests that the destination is available but may take longer or experience other performance issues, which doesn't reflect the definition of "unreachable." Lastly, delaying packets until a route becomes available typically involves different techniques and does not align with the immediate response dictated by an unreachable status.

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The destination can be reached but not in optimal conditions

The packet is delayed until the route is available

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